Pronouncing OE in French

Pronouncing OE in French Whether its an OE or a Å’, learning to pronounce this combination of French vowels is a little tricky. Thats because the sound can change from one word to the next, though there is a common pronunciation. This French lesson will help you navigate the complexities of OE in French words. How to Pronounce OE in French The letters OE  are usually combined into a single symbol in French: Å’ or Å“. When a pair of characters is used in such a way, it is called a digraph. The Å’ is pronounced more or less according to the same rules as EU. In general, if its in an open syllable, it sounds like the U in full: listen.  In a closed syllable, it is pronounced with the mouth just a little more open:  listen. There are quite a few exceptions to this, however. It is important to use a dictionary when trying to determine the pronunciation of any word with OE. You will also find Å’ in words that would otherwise begin with the combination EUI. It will look like this Å’IL and sounds like the OO in good followed by a Y sound. French Words With OE To practice your pronunciation of Å’, give these simple words a try. Click on the word to hear the correct pronunciation and try to repeat it. Å“uf  (egg)Å“ufs  (eggs)sÅ“ur  (sister) How to Type the Å’ When youre typing out French words, how do you type the digraph? There are a few ways to go about it and which you choose will depend on how often you use special characters on your computer. Your options include an international keyboard, which can be as simple as a setting in your operating system. If you use these characters on a very limited basis, your better option may be to  learn the ALT codes. To type Å“ or Å’, on a standard US-English keyboard, you will need the keyboard shortcut. For Windows, this is ALT 0156 for the lowercase and ALT 0140 for the uppercase.For Mac, it is typically ALT q and the shift key transforms it into upper case (OS Sierra may be slightly different).

Nursing Shortage in the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing Shortage in the United States - Essay Example This paper will describe the impacts of the nursing shortage on health care consumers, nurses, and public health. It will examine the debate surrounding the nursing shortage and explain how the issue is being addressed on local, state, and national levels. Finally, the paper will propose some ideas for minimizing the nursing shortage problem. The shortage of nurses in America's hospitals results in negative impacts for health care consumers, nurses, and the health care system. A survey conducted by Beurhaus et al. (2005) examined the experience of RNs, physicians, hospital CEOs and CNOs with the nursing shortage and analyzed the results in terms of nurses' ability to meet the six Institute of Medicine (IOM)-established aims for high quality health care systems: patient-centered, effective, safe, timely, efficient, and equitable. The survey found that each of these criteria for quality of care suffered due to the nursing shortage (ibid.). In terms of direct patient care, the nursing shortage results in a decline in the quality of patient care. The Beurhaus et al. survey (2005), found that patient care suffered specifically because of a delayed response by nurses to pages or calls, patients increasingly complaining about care, staff communication problems, and increasing physicians' workloads. The results of the decline in patient care are worrisome. An American Nurses Association (ANA) fact sheet about the national nursing shortage (2008) highlights the results of recent studies published in medical journals that show how the shortage puts patient's lives in danger: "If hospitals increased RN staffing, more than 6,700 patient deaths and four million inpatient days could be avoided each year." "Every additional full-time nurse per patient day was associated with a 9% reduction in mortality in intensive care patients and a 16% reduction in mortality in surgical patients. In addition, every additional patient per RN shift was associated with a 53% increase in pulmonary failure, a 43% increased risk on unplanned extubation, a 7% increased risk of hospital acquired pneumonia, and a 17% increased risk in other medical complications." "Nursing shortages were found to correlate with longer lengths of stay, increased incidence of urinary tract infections and upper gastrointestinal bleeding, higher rates of pneumonia, shock and cardiac arrest. Increased hours of RN care resulted in fewer "failure-to-rescue" deaths from pneumonia, shock or cardiac arrest, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, sepsis and deep venous thrombosis." The impact of the nursing shortage also adversely affects nurses. In relation to their interaction with patients, nurses suffer because they have less time for collaboration within staff teams, face greater difficulty maintaining patient safety, are less able to detect complications early on, and have less time for patients (Beurhaus et al., 2005). In order to compensate for a lack of staff,

The Fast-Food Industry in USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Fast-Food Industry in USA - Essay Example Despite the positive side that fast-food restaurants enjoy with regard to sales and revenues, they have likewise received a fair share of criticism. Most of the critics against the industry focus on the negative health effects that go along with consumption of fast-foods. Fast food chains hit the headlines after consumer groups, like the Center for Science in the Public Interest claimed that products from the industry had worrying amount of fats, caloric content and portion sizes. Tragically, Animal rights activists state that animals in production plants spend their entire lives in extremely intolerable conditions. Little fresh air, pasture and natural light were also sighted. On the same note, animals in Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations are regularly kept on antibiotics that for a long time now have been linked with the cause of antibiotic resistance in humans after continued use of fast foods.After immense pressure from consumers, McDonald’s recently announced that it would scrap out the sales of meat treated with human antibiotics. The move gives McDonald's’ a strong competitive advantage over other fast-food chains like Chick Fill A, Wendy’s and Burger King who are yet to publicly announce the implementation of such a program. The move is also welcomed by the public who have long advocated for production of antibiotic-free meat from fast food chains. It is now a guessing game for market analysts as some now purport that consumers will begin showing bias towards McDonald’s antibiotic-free products.

Learning Disabilities and Career Development Essay example -- Educatio

Learning Disabilities and Career Development The lifelong process of career development poses special challenges for people with learning disabilities (LD). Although the career development of individuals with disabilities is not widely discussed in the literature, key pieces of legislation enacted or reauthorized in the 1990s—Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and the Rehabilitation Act (now Title IV of the Workforce Investment Act)—have helped increase the numbers of individuals with LD in postsecondary education and the awareness of their needs in the workplace (Hitchings and Retish 2000). This Brief reviews research on the career development needs of persons with LD and describes practices to assist them with the process of gaining and maintaining employment. Employment Issues Learning disabilities are generally defined as significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities (Michaels 1997; Ohler, Levinson, and Barker 1996). There are a number of types as well as major individual differences in severity, impact, and age of onset (Cummings, Maddux, and Casey 2000; Hitchings and Retish 2000). â€Å"There is no single story to tell about outcomes of students with disabilities† (Blackorby and Wagner 1997, p. 58). Many people with LD have succeeded in the workplace, often as entrepreneurs, and recent legislation is intended to ease the process of disclosing a disability and obtaining on-the-job accommodations (Brown and Gerber 1994). Adults with LD are employed at the same rate as those without disabilities, but many are underemployed—in part-time, entry-level, minimum-wage jobs (Blackorby and Wa... ...h Disabilities." Journal for Vocational Special Needs Education 23, no. 1 (Fall 2000): 24-33. Michaels, C. A. "Preparation for Employment." In Learning Disabilities and Employment, edited by P. J. Gerber and D. S. Brown, pp. 187-212. Austin, TX: PRO-ED, Inc., 1997. Ohler, D. L.; Levinson, E. M.; and Barker, W. F. "Career Maturity in College Students with Learning Disabilities." Career Development Quarterly 44, no. 3 (March 1996): 278-288. Reiff, H. B. "Off the Beaten Path: A Model for Employment Success for Adults with Learning Disabilities." In Learning Disabilities, Literacy, and Adult Education, edited by S. A. Vogel and S. Reder, pp. 313-329. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes, 1998. Rojewski, J. W. "Educational and Occupational Aspirations of High School Seniors with Learning Disabilities." Exceptional Children 62, no. 5 (March-April 1996): 463-476. Learning Disabilities and Career Development Essay example -- Educatio Learning Disabilities and Career Development The lifelong process of career development poses special challenges for people with learning disabilities (LD). Although the career development of individuals with disabilities is not widely discussed in the literature, key pieces of legislation enacted or reauthorized in the 1990s—Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and the Rehabilitation Act (now Title IV of the Workforce Investment Act)—have helped increase the numbers of individuals with LD in postsecondary education and the awareness of their needs in the workplace (Hitchings and Retish 2000). This Brief reviews research on the career development needs of persons with LD and describes practices to assist them with the process of gaining and maintaining employment. Employment Issues Learning disabilities are generally defined as significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities (Michaels 1997; Ohler, Levinson, and Barker 1996). There are a number of types as well as major individual differences in severity, impact, and age of onset (Cummings, Maddux, and Casey 2000; Hitchings and Retish 2000). â€Å"There is no single story to tell about outcomes of students with disabilities† (Blackorby and Wagner 1997, p. 58). Many people with LD have succeeded in the workplace, often as entrepreneurs, and recent legislation is intended to ease the process of disclosing a disability and obtaining on-the-job accommodations (Brown and Gerber 1994). Adults with LD are employed at the same rate as those without disabilities, but many are underemployed—in part-time, entry-level, minimum-wage jobs (Blackorby and Wa... ...h Disabilities." Journal for Vocational Special Needs Education 23, no. 1 (Fall 2000): 24-33. Michaels, C. A. "Preparation for Employment." In Learning Disabilities and Employment, edited by P. J. Gerber and D. S. Brown, pp. 187-212. Austin, TX: PRO-ED, Inc., 1997. Ohler, D. L.; Levinson, E. M.; and Barker, W. F. "Career Maturity in College Students with Learning Disabilities." Career Development Quarterly 44, no. 3 (March 1996): 278-288. Reiff, H. B. "Off the Beaten Path: A Model for Employment Success for Adults with Learning Disabilities." In Learning Disabilities, Literacy, and Adult Education, edited by S. A. Vogel and S. Reder, pp. 313-329. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes, 1998. Rojewski, J. W. "Educational and Occupational Aspirations of High School Seniors with Learning Disabilities." Exceptional Children 62, no. 5 (March-April 1996): 463-476.

Assessing Importance of School Factors Such as Racism Essay

A variety of material disadvantages that may confront ethnic minorities coming from working class backgrounds are they do not achieve the same level of education. The main achievers are Indian, Chinese and African students, but the lowest achievers are Turkish, Bangladeshi And Afro Caribbean students. The white working class students are the lowest achieving, which is peculiar because most sociologists are white who stereotype and label other students from different backgrounds. The main cause of underachievement in schools are cultural and language factors which sociologists clarify and focus on and are thought to be main cause of everything. Previously the spotlight has been put on what happens in school and racism in common As shown by Cecile Wright, which explains that, Asian students can also be the victims of teachers Cecile found out that regardless of the schools evident promise to equal opportunities, teachers still hold ethnocentric views they believe that British culture and English are greater. This prepared teachers to assume that they would have a poor pronunciation of English and left them out of class debates or used basic, childlike speech when speaking to them. Asian pupils also felt cut off when teachers spoken dissatisfaction of their behaviour or misread their names. Teachers saw them not as a risk but as a difficulty they could take no notice of. This resulted in that Asian pupils in particular the girls were hard-pressed to the limits and disallowed from play a part fully. Close at hand is proof of teacher racial discrimination and harmful labelling. Nevertheless study shows that pupils can take action in variety of ways. They may take action by becoming unsettling or withdrawn but pupils may decline to agree to the label and even choose to prove it incorrect by putting in hard work. Off-putting labels do not repeatedly twist into self-fulfilling prophecy Working class white pupils attain below standards and have lesser desires. There isn’t much parental support at home, which means there is low achievement and goals. Reports show that teachers have to deal with low level of behaviour and discipline in white working class schools. Nevertheless they had fewer kids on benefit programs teachers blame this on inadequate parental support at home and negative attitude that white working class parents have towards their children and their education. The life in the street for white working class can be tough for pupils which means they get used to getting intimidating and intimidate other which they pick up and use in school to cause disruptions and make it hard for other students to succeed at school. Underachievement of student of different is blamed on cultural deprivation. Few sociologists say that Afro-Caribbean families lack a close relationship to their family and therefore are extremely violent towards everything they do. Arguments explain that families aren’t very supportive towards their children and they don’t offer enough cultural capital for their children. Stereotypical views suggest those students are not deprived because of their class or because of their backgrounds. Factors like social class are important to certain ethnic minorities like Pakistanis, Bangladeshis and a considerable amount of Afro-Caribbean students, which are all working class backgrounds in which material deprivation play a main role because to find out why they achieve below the national standards. Sociologists say schools and curriculums made just for one specific group of ethnic minority gives priority to one particular ethnic minority while disregarding other ethnic groups. Some schools have curriculums, which are ethnocentric because they only give priority to English languages. The British curriculum has been described as exclusively British. In history Britain is thought to bring civilisation to ancient people are colonised. Black people as inferior weakens black children’s self esteem and Leads to them to underachieving and failing. It isn’t for sure what effects the ethnocentric study shows that black don’t really suffer from low self esteem. Wright’s study found some ethnic minority groups received poorer interaction from staff. Teachers perceptions were seem as stereotypical although Asian students were seen as good and black students were seen disruptive and disobedient. Study show that schools in cities which contain ethnic minority students were not benefitting in terms of O Levels entries because of being in low set and having to achieve high grade in order to get good results and become successful. Overall taking into consideration we can not split or label ethnicity from social classes and gender since this is really difficult matter as some of the main achieving students are from ethnic minorities so for that reason there isn’t a connection here so we can’t make statements or come to conclusions as to what the association among ethnic groups and schools actually are. Pupils can refuse to accept negative classing and teacher expectations. Sociologists can’t come to a conclusion to explain what occurs between teacher and students or what takes place in different ethnic groups related to education. Students live up to roles they are given but can try to resist the labels and getting put behind by carrying out what is thought of them to do or do what they want to do and achieve good education and become successful.

Obesity A Major Contributory Factor For Obesity - 823 Words

1.1. Health behaviour and obesity Obesity is a health condition which can be prevented by promoting healthy behaviors (WHO, 2003). Obesity involves a multifaceted connections between genetic and hormonal factors and social and environmental influences. For an instance sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy dietary patterns and socioeconomic status are factors which promote obesity and overweight. Evolution of nutrition as a result of urbanization is a major contributory factor for the obesity epidemic in the world (Chan and Woo, 2010). Abundant evidence suggests that changes of the dietary patterns such as consumption of energy dense diet, greater amount of saturated fat intake and added sugars are the leading causes for obesity (WHO, 2003; Chan and Woo, 2010). These eating patterns are linked with less physical activities and studies shown that less physical activities is a major contributory factor for obesity (Chan and Woo, 2010). 1.2. strengths and limitations These theories have noticeable strengths and limitations. One of the greatest strengths of the health behavior approach is improving healthy behaviors of individuals as the name implies. Promotion of healthy behaviors is very important for communities and individuals to reduce or eradicate public health issues. The core of the above explained HBM, TTM, SCT and SEM is to promote healthy behaviors. For an example, if we are planning to reduce overweight/obesity among adults using HBM, we can explain the severity of theShow MoreRelatedReduced Energy Expenditure And Prevalence Obesity Rates Among Children928 Words   |  4 Pageshas contributed to prevalence obesity rates among children. Demographic and epidemiologic analysis alone do not account for the high rates in childhood obesity. 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Gender Roles Resistance and Response in Thelma Louise - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2763 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/04/26 Category Sociology Essay Level High school Topics: Gender Roles Essay Did you like this example? Ridley Scotts progressive 1991 road movie, Thelma Louise, shines an accusatory spotlight on female oppression. Regrettably not left behind in the 90s along with frosted blue eyeshadow, this maltreatment is unfortunately still very much present in todays society. By highlighting repressive gender roles and the lead characters ultimately futile efforts to resist them, the revolutionary film launched a nationwide conversation, and spurred a cult following of women feeling seen for the first time in their lives. The film opens with a subtle, but very symbolic shot. Set to haunting rock music, a black and white view of a valley pans to a dirt road leading directly to a majestic mountain on the horizon with wide-open skies. As the camera cranes up, the image transitions to full, vivid color. The shot freezes and then darkens over into black. This simple opening foreshadows everything that is to come: a bleak outset, a journey toward freedom, and the short-lived actualization of that wondrous freedom before it all comes crashing down to a devastating end. Without necessarily realizing it, the viewer already knows all theyll need to an attempt to break free will inevitably end in disaster. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Gender Roles Resistance and Response in Thelma Louise" essay for you Create order The audience is then introduced to Louise (Susan Sarandon) and Thelma (Geena Davis), and their respective lives of routine and domesticity. Louise works in a diner, subservient to an endless influx of customers. Thelma, who Louise teasingly refers to as little housewife, is stuck in a submissive role under a controlling husband. The spaces they inhabit are very telling. Louise wears a uniform and operates in a cramped, loud environment. All day long she offers choices to everyone else, while she herself has no choice in anything. Her surroundings reflect how she feels stifled by society, holding no control over her own life. Thelma is a mess living in mess. Her apartment is small, dark, and chaotic. Her hair isnt done, she isnt dressed, and theres a feeling of entrapment due to the cacophony of noise resulting from the TV playing, the phone ringing, and her yelling to get the attention of husband Darryl (Christopher McDonald). The clippings of dream kitchens she has hung on the wall show her yearning for a different life, a better life. Louises kitchen, on the other hand, is shown to be the total opposite of Thelmas with the sink housing only one dirty cup to be washed. The simple, spotless space feels cold with no sign of life or living. The women start out occupying pretty traditional gender roles for the movies early 1990s setting. The 80s had seen a real rise in acceptance toward women in the workplace the percentage of working women had reached 71% by 1985 (Guilder) but it hadnt yet become fully commonplace in the minds of all Americans. Chauvinistic Darryl stands as the perfect example of the resistance to the womens liberation movement. He cruelly belittles his wife by waving his title of regional manager over her, in a sense asserting she has no power (over him, or otherwise) because she doesnt hold a respect-worthy position in society. When Thelma hesitates to ask Darryl for permission to go on a girls trip, Louise sums up the troubling dynamic perfectly when she accusatorially asks Thelma if he is her husband or father. Darryl sees his wife as inferior rather than as an equal partner, and by so strongly enforcing his views, he keeps her from reaching to achieve her full potential. Less overt is Louises imprisonment in the gender framework, but its just as present. She goes through life with a hard outer shell, which we learn later on is a protective mechanism adopted in response to a traumatic experience from her past. She keeps walls up because every time she lets them down a little, she (or someone close to her) gets burned. On the phone with physically and emotionally absent boyfriend Jimmy (Michael Madsen), she asks if he loves her, and, sensing hesitation on the other end, immediately regrets opening herself up. Its better to be closed off and alone, than exposed and hurt. She chastises and blames herself for letting her guard down and having a little fun at the country bar instead of vigilantly protecting her vulnerable friend. The internalized guilt over Thelmas almost attack drives her actions for the remainder of the movie. Louise takes this burden of self-repression on herself because she feels thats the only way to survive in a world set up the way it is. No one messes with a strong-willed woman, so she stuffs her desires and emotions down to continue to portray and inhabit this cold exterior. The women decide to head out on the open road for a short retreat from their stifling realities, but it ends up leading them somewhere they could never have imagined. The road movie is a central American narrative structure revolving around freedom in which the characters physical journey is paralleled by a spiritual journey. As utilized in other iconic cult films such as Two-Lane Blacktop and Faster Pussycat! Kill! Kill!, the format can easily lend itself to a critique of American society. The open road is a space representative of unlimited potential, the exact opposite of the spaces Thelma and Louise occupied at home. As the women take to the road to physically run from their past lives, destructive significant others, and the law hot on their trail, they establish a metaphysical destination of freedom, and decide to follow the path wherever it may take them. In their in-depth book, Cult Cinema: An Introduction, Ernest Mathijs and Jamie Sexton dive into the theme of violence in cult films. They start generally by explaining that many cult films use instances of violence to oppose mainstream modes of representation. Diving deeper, they discuss how in classical Hollywood cult films, its typical to have violence associated with frontier liminality, or the characters inability to cross the frontier marking the edge of civilization. Unable to function in civilization or in wilderness, the frontier hero finds himself stuck in limbo. This conflict sets the stage for violence. Mathijs and Sexton go on to specify that adventures and westerns are the genres that most often lend themselves to this type of story, as their entire narratives exist in this frontier zone, where violence becomes a mode of existence rather than a functional tool (Violence). Thelma Louise fits perfectly into this explanation of violence in cult films, but the film goes one step further by adding gender into the mix. Our leading ladies made the choice to leave their lives of domesticity behind them, but find themselves stuck in limbo when they come face to face with the edge of civilization. In defending Thelma against Harlans rape attempt, Louise commits an irrevocable act, and the women are flung into a situation where theyre forced to come to their own defense against an unrelenting legal system. Even with a sympathetic detective leading the search for them, theres no lawful option they can take that wont strip them of their freedoms. Theyre victims of a world that holds women down, and, by choosing not to give in, are fighting back against the oppressive patriarchy. Theres no scene that better depicts frontier liminality than the iconic closer of Thelma Louise. The womens joint decision to commit suicide is in direct response to the limited set of choices they were faced with. Trapped and cornered, they pick the only path that would keep them in control of their own destiny. Since leaving their homes in Arkansas, they had experienced their first taste of freedom, and they werent going to give that up by surrendering to the system of oppression that had restrained them for so long. Driving off the cliff was the ultimate rejection of male domination, but its important to see the decision in context as but the conclusion in a series of acts of resistance. Throughout their journey, Thelma and Louise gradually shed their feminine image in a subversion of restrictive gender norms. Gone are the flowy, printed outfits and piles of accessories, as distressed tank tops and denim jeans become the new uniform for these accidental fugitives. Literally tossing the lipstick out of the car, the women trade makeup and curled hair for dirty faces and messy buns. Theyre no longer living their lives for anyone but themselves, and their outward metamorphosis is reflective of this shift. In a cool reversal, Thelma, once a prisoner in her home, becomes the cause for Darryls turn at feeling powerless in his own space. The FBI moves in and converts his house into the base of operations in the search for his wanted wife, and he finally feels what its like to have no control. His football game is out-voted and all he can do is sulk in the corner. On the phone, Thelma calls him out and puts him in his place as her husband, not father. Hes caught off guard when he realizes hes lost his hold over her now that she has asserted herself, and he reverts to blaming Louise for empowering (and therefore perverting) his once-subservient wife. On the contrary, Louise led the way for Thelma to take the reins back in her life, and this takedown of Darryl is just one more way in which they set themselves free of their past and took another step forward toward independence. In a strong push back against male oppression, the women take down two men who attempted to forcefully assert their dominance. Multiple times on the trip, they encounter a certain truck driver who doubles as the human embodiment of toxic masculinity. After ignoring him didnt work, they muster up their newfound boldness and confront him. They quickly and masterfully turn the dynamic around, transferring the feelings of vulnerability and helplessness onto him, before wrapping up the interaction by blowing up his oil tanker. When the friends get pulled over for speeding, instead of giving in to the lawman, they kick into survival mode and overpower him. The state trooper had started out stern and tough, but is reduced to a crying, shaking mess the moment Thelma pulls a gun on him. The women take his gun, ammo, and sunglasses as they lead him into his own trunk with words of advice to be sweet to his wife so she doesnt turn out like they did. By stripping a truck driver of his truck and a state trooper of his gun, they emasculated two men who never expected to have their dominance checked. Its a powerful thing for the female audience to see women pushing back against the men who once stood over them, in effect flipping the script and using these men to get to a place where they are no longer dependent on men. In a 2016 reunion interview in celebration of the films 25th anniversary, lead actresses Susan Sarandon and Geena Davis discussed the reaction at the time of the movies release. Neither of them had expected any sort of big return, so when the film was met with such an immediate and massive response, they were shocked. Davis incredulously exclaimed, We were on the cover of Time Magazine in, like, 5 seconds! (Davis). Pieces like the one in Time tried to dissect why the movie was making such a splash, but the answer was deceptively simple: the audience found the characters relatable. Thelma and Louise were two ordinary women dealing with the same problems all women go through, so it was exhilarating watching them respond in ways one could never get away with in real life. The movie is so much more than a female take on a buddy film; its a story of female empowerment operating on the rules of male-escapist fantasy (Cult Now). Thelma and Louise were the strong, liberated role models audie nces had long been waiting for. With such an encouraging reception, it seemed in all likelihood a shift toward gender equality in the entertainment industry would naturally follow. Its clear from recent headlines, however, that that never occurred. The film was able to start the conversation, but that wasnt enough to effect any real change in the straight, white, boys club of Hollywood. The women behind Thelma Louise took it upon themselves to step up and continue the work their movie began. Davis in particular was enlightened and inspired by the eye-opening reactions (Davis), and followed through by starting the Geena Davis Institute on Gender in Media, which researches the gender depiction disparity present in media. With shocking statistics such as the ratio of male to female characters not changing at all since 1946 (Davis), shes putting up a challenge to those who feel the problem is solved and behind us. To continue pushing things in the right direction, she launched her own film festival that shines a spotlight on works from women and diverse creators. Sarandon came at the issue from a different angle when she stepped up as a leader in the recent Times Up movement, an initiative launched by hundreds of Hollywood women to advocate better workplace conditions and the end of sexual harassment (Nyren). She attended the 2018 Golden Globes with a Times Up activist to raise awareness for the cause, and, fittingly, that same night saw a Thelma Louise reunion as the two leads co-presented an award. Their appearance was met with roaring applause from the crowd, to which Davis sarcastically quipped, Susan, they love that we fixed everything! Sarandon responded, Um, yeah, I dont think we fixed quite everything actually before lauding the women of Hollywood for doing their part in the fight to stand up for women everywhere (76th Golden Globe Awards). Rounding out the trio of women at the center of Thelma Louise, Oscar Award-winning screenwriter of the film, Callie Khouri, has also expressed her disappointment with the current state of affairs for women in film. With studios systematically rejecting female-centric projects, Khouri made the transition over to TV, which she feels is a world in which you have a lot more freedom in terms of telling stories with women at the center (Tartaglione). The first television show she created was the highly successful musical drama series, Nashville, which just so happens to center around two strong female characters. Although it didnt necessarily shake up the industry in the way many had hoped it would, Thelma Louise has continued to remain relevant to todays culture in part due to its passionate fans. This continued excitement is a hallmark of cult blockbusters, as excessive investment [is] disproportionate tofilms status as throwaway products of popular culture (Cult Now). A kind of epochal film (Mainstream Cult Fans?), Thelma Louise is significant in that it provided an example that inspired so many women to see themselves as worthy of standing up for at a time when that wasnt the norm. The fact that it continues to provide this empowerment for women of the following generations now streaming the movie for the first time shows the mark of a powerful, timeless film. Thelma Louise is a movie that still feels fresh today, but in this case thats not such a good thing. Its disheartening that a depiction of women being forced into a life on the run as the only way they could experience some freedom isnt too far from realistic. The liberal film started the long overdue conversation on gender in equality, but its now on us to pick up the ball and run with it. Until the day women can freely experience full autonomy without major drawbacks, the movie remains a goal; as Louise so eloquently put it, we dont live in that kind of world (Khouri). Works Cited Cult Now. Cult Film as a Guide to Life: Fandom, Adaptation, and Identity, by I. Q. Hunter, Bloomsbury Academic, 2016. Davis, Geena and Susan Sarandon. Thelma Louise Reunion: Susan Sarandon Geena Davis On The Films Legacy. Entertainment Weekly. Entertainment Weekly. 1 May 2016. Digital. Guilder, George. Women in the Work Force. The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 1 Sept. 1986, www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1986/09/women-in-the-work-force/304924/. Khouri, Callie. Thelma Louise. MGM, 1991. Mainstream Cult Fans? Cult Cinema, by Ernest Mathijs and Jamie Sexton, Wiley, 2012, pp. 63â€Å"65. Nyren, Erin. Emma Stone, Meryl Streep, Laura Dern to Be Accompanied by Activists at Golden Globes. Variety, Variety, 8 Jan. 2018, variety.com/2018/biz/news/celebrities-bring-activists-golden-globes-emma-watson-meryl-streep-laura-dern-1202655789/. Tartaglione, Nancy. Callie Khouri Talks Women In TV Vs Film, Nashville Deep City Project â€Å" NATPE. Deadline, Deadline, 18 Jan. 2017, deadline.com/2017/01/callie-khouri-deep-city-women-television-nashville-natpe-1201889225/. Violence. Cult Cinema, by Ernest Mathijs and Jamie Sexton, Wiley, 2012, pp. 189â€Å"191. 76th Golden Globe Awards. The Hollywood Reporter, 2018, www.hollywoodreporter.com/video/geena-davis-susan-sarandon-talk-gender- disparity-25-years-golden-globes-2018-1072764.